347 lines
16 KiB
Python
347 lines
16 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python
|
|
|
|
# Author: Shao Zhang and Phil Saltzman
|
|
# Last Updated: 2015-03-13
|
|
#
|
|
# This tutorial will cover events and how they can be used in Panda
|
|
# Specifically, this lesson will use events to capture keyboard presses and
|
|
# mouse clicks to trigger actions in the world. It will also use events
|
|
# to count the number of orbits the Earth makes around the sun. This
|
|
# tutorial uses the same base code from the solar system tutorial.
|
|
|
|
from direct.showbase.ShowBase import ShowBase
|
|
base = ShowBase()
|
|
|
|
from panda3d.core import TextNode
|
|
from direct.interval.IntervalGlobal import *
|
|
from direct.gui.DirectGui import *
|
|
from direct.showbase.DirectObject import DirectObject
|
|
import sys
|
|
|
|
# We start this tutorial with the standard class. However, the class is a
|
|
# subclass of an object called DirectObject. This gives the class the ability
|
|
# to listen for and respond to events. From now on the main class in every
|
|
# tutorial will be a subclass of DirectObject
|
|
|
|
|
|
class World(DirectObject):
|
|
# Macro-like function used to reduce the amount to code needed to create the
|
|
# on screen instructions
|
|
|
|
def genLabelText(self, text, i):
|
|
return OnscreenText(text=text, pos=(0.06, -.06 * (i + 0.5)), fg=(1, 1, 1, 1),
|
|
parent=base.a2dTopLeft,align=TextNode.ALeft, scale=.05)
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self):
|
|
|
|
# The standard camera position and background initialization
|
|
base.setBackgroundColor(0, 0, 0)
|
|
base.disableMouse()
|
|
camera.setPos(0, 0, 45)
|
|
camera.setHpr(0, -90, 0)
|
|
|
|
# The global variables we used to control the speed and size of objects
|
|
self.yearscale = 60
|
|
self.dayscale = self.yearscale / 365.0 * 5
|
|
self.orbitscale = 10
|
|
self.sizescale = 0.6
|
|
|
|
self.loadPlanets() # Load, texture, and position the planets
|
|
self.rotatePlanets() # Set up the motion to start them moving
|
|
|
|
# The standard title text that's in every tutorial
|
|
# Things to note:
|
|
#-fg represents the forground color of the text in (r,g,b,a) format
|
|
#-pos represents the position of the text on the screen.
|
|
# The coordinate system is a x-y based wih 0,0 as the center of the
|
|
# screen
|
|
#-align sets the alingment of the text relative to the pos argument.
|
|
# Default is center align.
|
|
#-scale set the scale of the text
|
|
#-mayChange argument lets us change the text later in the program.
|
|
# By default mayChange is set to 0. Trying to change text when
|
|
# mayChange is set to 0 will cause the program to crash.
|
|
self.title = OnscreenText(
|
|
text="Panda3D: Tutorial 3 - Events",
|
|
parent=base.a2dBottomRight, align=TextNode.A_right,
|
|
style=1, fg=(1, 1, 1, 1), pos=(-0.1, 0.1), scale=.07)
|
|
|
|
self.mouse1EventText = self.genLabelText(
|
|
"Mouse Button 1: Toggle entire Solar System [RUNNING]", 1)
|
|
self.skeyEventText = self.genLabelText("[S]: Toggle Sun [RUNNING]", 2)
|
|
self.ykeyEventText = self.genLabelText("[Y]: Toggle Mercury [RUNNING]", 3)
|
|
self.vkeyEventText = self.genLabelText("[V]: Toggle Venus [RUNNING]", 4)
|
|
self.ekeyEventText = self.genLabelText("[E]: Toggle Earth [RUNNING]", 5)
|
|
self.mkeyEventText = self.genLabelText("[M]: Toggle Mars [RUNNING]", 6)
|
|
self.yearCounterText = self.genLabelText("0 Earth years completed", 7)
|
|
|
|
self.yearCounter = 0 # year counter for earth years
|
|
self.simRunning = True # boolean to keep track of the
|
|
# state of the global simulation
|
|
|
|
# Events
|
|
# Each self.accept statement creates an event handler object that will call
|
|
# the specified function when that event occurs.
|
|
# Certain events like "mouse1", "a", "b", "c" ... "z", "1", "2", "3"..."0"
|
|
# are references to keyboard keys and mouse buttons. You can also define
|
|
# your own events to be used within your program. In this tutorial, the
|
|
# event "newYear" is not tied to a physical input device, but rather
|
|
# is sent by the function that rotates the Earth whenever a revolution
|
|
# completes to tell the counter to update
|
|
# Exit the program when escape is pressed
|
|
self.accept("escape", sys.exit)
|
|
self.accept("mouse1", self.handleMouseClick)
|
|
self.accept("e", self.handleEarth)
|
|
self.accept("s", # message name
|
|
self.togglePlanet, # function to call
|
|
["Sun", # arguments to be passed to togglePlanet
|
|
# See togglePlanet's definition below for
|
|
# an explanation of what they are
|
|
self.day_period_sun,
|
|
None,
|
|
self.skeyEventText])
|
|
# Repeat the structure above for the other planets
|
|
self.accept("y", self.togglePlanet,
|
|
["Mercury", self.day_period_mercury,
|
|
self.orbit_period_mercury, self.ykeyEventText])
|
|
self.accept("v", self.togglePlanet,
|
|
["Venus", self.day_period_venus,
|
|
self.orbit_period_venus, self.vkeyEventText])
|
|
self.accept("m", self.togglePlanet,
|
|
["Mars", self.day_period_mars,
|
|
self.orbit_period_mars, self.mkeyEventText])
|
|
self.accept("newYear", self.incYear)
|
|
# end __init__
|
|
|
|
def handleMouseClick(self):
|
|
# When the mouse is clicked, if the simulation is running pause all the
|
|
# planets and sun, otherwise resume it
|
|
if self.simRunning:
|
|
print("Pausing Simulation")
|
|
# changing the text to reflect the change from "RUNNING" to
|
|
# "PAUSED"
|
|
self.mouse1EventText.setText(
|
|
"Mouse Button 1: Toggle entire Solar System [PAUSED]")
|
|
# For each planet, check if it is moving and if so, pause it
|
|
# Sun
|
|
if self.day_period_sun.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Sun", self.day_period_sun, None,
|
|
self.skeyEventText)
|
|
if self.day_period_mercury.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Mercury", self.day_period_mercury,
|
|
self.orbit_period_mercury, self.ykeyEventText)
|
|
# Venus
|
|
if self.day_period_venus.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Venus", self.day_period_venus,
|
|
self.orbit_period_venus, self.vkeyEventText)
|
|
#Earth and moon
|
|
if self.day_period_earth.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Earth", self.day_period_earth,
|
|
self.orbit_period_earth, self.ekeyEventText)
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Moon", self.day_period_moon,
|
|
self.orbit_period_moon)
|
|
# Mars
|
|
if self.day_period_mars.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Mars", self.day_period_mars,
|
|
self.orbit_period_mars, self.mkeyEventText)
|
|
else:
|
|
#"The simulation is paused, so resume it
|
|
print("Resuming Simulation")
|
|
self.mouse1EventText.setText(
|
|
"Mouse Button 1: Toggle entire Solar System [RUNNING]")
|
|
# the not operator does the reverse of the previous code
|
|
if not self.day_period_sun.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Sun", self.day_period_sun, None,
|
|
self.skeyEventText)
|
|
if not self.day_period_mercury.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Mercury", self.day_period_mercury,
|
|
self.orbit_period_mercury, self.ykeyEventText)
|
|
if not self.day_period_venus.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Venus", self.day_period_venus,
|
|
self.orbit_period_venus, self.vkeyEventText)
|
|
if not self.day_period_earth.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Earth", self.day_period_earth,
|
|
self.orbit_period_earth, self.ekeyEventText)
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Moon", self.day_period_moon,
|
|
self.orbit_period_moon)
|
|
if not self.day_period_mars.isPlaying():
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Mars", self.day_period_mars,
|
|
self.orbit_period_mars, self.mkeyEventText)
|
|
# toggle self.simRunning
|
|
self.simRunning = not self.simRunning
|
|
# end handleMouseClick
|
|
|
|
# The togglePlanet function will toggle the intervals that are given to it
|
|
# between paused and playing.
|
|
# Planet is the name to print
|
|
# Day is the interval that spins the planet
|
|
# Orbit is the interval that moves around the orbit
|
|
# Text is the OnscreenText object that needs to be updated
|
|
def togglePlanet(self, planet, day, orbit=None, text=None):
|
|
if day.isPlaying():
|
|
print("Pausing " + planet)
|
|
state = " [PAUSED]"
|
|
else:
|
|
print("Resuming " + planet)
|
|
state = " [RUNNING]"
|
|
|
|
# Update the onscreen text if it is given as an argument
|
|
if text:
|
|
old = text.getText()
|
|
# strip out the last segment of text after the last white space
|
|
# and append the string stored in 'state'
|
|
text.setText(old[0:old.rfind(' ')] + state)
|
|
|
|
# toggle the day interval
|
|
self.toggleInterval(day)
|
|
# if there is an orbit interval, toggle it
|
|
if orbit:
|
|
self.toggleInterval(orbit)
|
|
# end togglePlanet
|
|
|
|
# toggleInterval does exactly as its name implies
|
|
# It takes an interval as an argument. Then it checks to see if it is playing.
|
|
# If it is, it pauses it, otherwise it resumes it.
|
|
def toggleInterval(self, interval):
|
|
if interval.isPlaying():
|
|
interval.pause()
|
|
else:
|
|
interval.resume()
|
|
# end toggleInterval
|
|
|
|
# Earth needs a special buffer function because the moon is tied to it
|
|
# When the "e" key is pressed, togglePlanet is called on both the earth and
|
|
# the moon.
|
|
def handleEarth(self):
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Earth", self.day_period_earth,
|
|
self.orbit_period_earth, self.ekeyEventText)
|
|
self.togglePlanet("Moon", self.day_period_moon,
|
|
self.orbit_period_moon)
|
|
# end handleEarth
|
|
|
|
# the function incYear increments the variable yearCounter and then updates
|
|
# the OnscreenText 'yearCounterText' every time the message "newYear" is
|
|
# sent
|
|
def incYear(self):
|
|
self.yearCounter += 1
|
|
self.yearCounterText.setText(
|
|
str(self.yearCounter) + " Earth years completed")
|
|
# end incYear
|
|
|
|
|
|
#########################################################################
|
|
# Except for the one commented line below, this is all as it was before #
|
|
# Scroll down to the next comment to see an example of sending messages #
|
|
#########################################################################
|
|
|
|
def loadPlanets(self):
|
|
self.orbit_root_mercury = render.attachNewNode('orbit_root_mercury')
|
|
self.orbit_root_venus = render.attachNewNode('orbit_root_venus')
|
|
self.orbit_root_mars = render.attachNewNode('orbit_root_mars')
|
|
self.orbit_root_earth = render.attachNewNode('orbit_root_earth')
|
|
|
|
self.orbit_root_moon = (
|
|
self.orbit_root_earth.attachNewNode('orbit_root_moon'))
|
|
|
|
self.sky = loader.loadModel("models/solar_sky_sphere")
|
|
|
|
self.sky_tex = loader.loadTexture("models/stars_1k_tex.jpg")
|
|
self.sky.setTexture(self.sky_tex, 1)
|
|
self.sky.reparentTo(render)
|
|
self.sky.setScale(40)
|
|
|
|
self.sun = loader.loadModel("models/planet_sphere")
|
|
self.sun_tex = loader.loadTexture("models/sun_1k_tex.jpg")
|
|
self.sun.setTexture(self.sun_tex, 1)
|
|
self.sun.reparentTo(render)
|
|
self.sun.setScale(2 * self.sizescale)
|
|
|
|
self.mercury = loader.loadModel("models/planet_sphere")
|
|
self.mercury_tex = loader.loadTexture("models/mercury_1k_tex.jpg")
|
|
self.mercury.setTexture(self.mercury_tex, 1)
|
|
self.mercury.reparentTo(self.orbit_root_mercury)
|
|
self.mercury.setPos(0.38 * self.orbitscale, 0, 0)
|
|
self.mercury.setScale(0.385 * self.sizescale)
|
|
|
|
self.venus = loader.loadModel("models/planet_sphere")
|
|
self.venus_tex = loader.loadTexture("models/venus_1k_tex.jpg")
|
|
self.venus.setTexture(self.venus_tex, 1)
|
|
self.venus.reparentTo(self.orbit_root_venus)
|
|
self.venus.setPos(0.72 * self.orbitscale, 0, 0)
|
|
self.venus.setScale(0.923 * self.sizescale)
|
|
|
|
self.mars = loader.loadModel("models/planet_sphere")
|
|
self.mars_tex = loader.loadTexture("models/mars_1k_tex.jpg")
|
|
self.mars.setTexture(self.mars_tex, 1)
|
|
self.mars.reparentTo(self.orbit_root_mars)
|
|
self.mars.setPos(1.52 * self.orbitscale, 0, 0)
|
|
self.mars.setScale(0.515 * self.sizescale)
|
|
|
|
self.earth = loader.loadModel("models/planet_sphere")
|
|
self.earth_tex = loader.loadTexture("models/earth_1k_tex.jpg")
|
|
self.earth.setTexture(self.earth_tex, 1)
|
|
self.earth.reparentTo(self.orbit_root_earth)
|
|
self.earth.setScale(self.sizescale)
|
|
self.earth.setPos(self.orbitscale, 0, 0)
|
|
|
|
self.orbit_root_moon.setPos(self.orbitscale, 0, 0)
|
|
|
|
self.moon = loader.loadModel("models/planet_sphere")
|
|
self.moon_tex = loader.loadTexture("models/moon_1k_tex.jpg")
|
|
self.moon.setTexture(self.moon_tex, 1)
|
|
self.moon.reparentTo(self.orbit_root_moon)
|
|
self.moon.setScale(0.1 * self.sizescale)
|
|
self.moon.setPos(0.1 * self.orbitscale, 0, 0)
|
|
|
|
def rotatePlanets(self):
|
|
self.day_period_sun = self.sun.hprInterval(20, (360, 0, 0))
|
|
|
|
self.orbit_period_mercury = self.orbit_root_mercury.hprInterval(
|
|
(0.241 * self.yearscale), (360, 0, 0))
|
|
self.day_period_mercury = self.mercury.hprInterval(
|
|
(59 * self.dayscale), (360, 0, 0))
|
|
|
|
self.orbit_period_venus = self.orbit_root_venus.hprInterval(
|
|
(0.615 * self.yearscale), (360, 0, 0))
|
|
self.day_period_venus = self.venus.hprInterval(
|
|
(243 * self.dayscale), (360, 0, 0))
|
|
|
|
# Here the earth interval has been changed to rotate like the rest of the
|
|
# planets and send a message before it starts turning again. To send a
|
|
# message, the call is simply messenger.send("message"). The "newYear"
|
|
# message is picked up by the accept("newYear"...) statement earlier, and
|
|
# calls the incYear function as a result
|
|
self.orbit_period_earth = Sequence(
|
|
self.orbit_root_earth.hprInterval(
|
|
self.yearscale, (360, 0, 0)),
|
|
Func(messenger.send, "newYear"))
|
|
self.day_period_earth = self.earth.hprInterval(
|
|
self.dayscale, (360, 0, 0))
|
|
|
|
self.orbit_period_moon = self.orbit_root_moon.hprInterval(
|
|
(.0749 * self.yearscale), (360, 0, 0))
|
|
self.day_period_moon = self.moon.hprInterval(
|
|
(.0749 * self.yearscale), (360, 0, 0))
|
|
|
|
self.orbit_period_mars = self.orbit_root_mars.hprInterval(
|
|
(1.881 * self.yearscale), (360, 0, 0))
|
|
self.day_period_mars = self.mars.hprInterval(
|
|
(1.03 * self.dayscale), (360, 0, 0))
|
|
|
|
self.day_period_sun.loop()
|
|
self.orbit_period_mercury.loop()
|
|
self.day_period_mercury.loop()
|
|
self.orbit_period_venus.loop()
|
|
self.day_period_venus.loop()
|
|
self.orbit_period_earth.loop()
|
|
self.day_period_earth.loop()
|
|
self.orbit_period_moon.loop()
|
|
self.day_period_moon.loop()
|
|
self.orbit_period_mars.loop()
|
|
self.day_period_mars.loop()
|
|
# end RotatePlanets()
|
|
|
|
# end class world
|
|
|
|
w = World()
|
|
base.run()
|